PRP is prepared from a patient's blood and is sometimes used for selected joint or tendon conditions. Its benefits vary by diagnosis and treatment protocol.
Where PRP may be considered
For symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons guideline states PRP may reduce pain and improve function, but rates its recommendation limited because studies differ in quality and findings. PRP can be discussed as one option for appropriately selected patients after reviewing exercise therapy, activity adjustments, medication choices and other established approaches.
For some chronic tendon disorders, published research is mixed and often depends on the particular tendon and protocol. PRP is not automatically recommended simply because symptoms are persistent or an MRI shows a tendon abnormality.
What a PRP injection involves
Blood is drawn and processed to separate and concentrate platelets. The preparation may then be injected at the target site; ultrasound guidance can be used when appropriate. Differences in platelet concentration, leukocyte content, dose and preparation make direct comparisons between studies difficult.
What PRP cannot promise
PRP is not proven to regenerate normal cartilage or reverse established arthritis. It should not be described as a cure, a guaranteed way to avoid surgery or a reliable way to speed return to sport. Benefits, if any, may be temporary and vary from person to person. Patients should also understand discomfort, bruising, infection risk, costs and uncertainty around insurance coverage.
Selective use guided by evidence
Dr. Haber considers PRP selectively, when the diagnosis, available studies, treatment alternatives and patient's expectations support a reasonable discussion. In many cases, rehabilitation, activity modification or other validated treatment strategies remain more appropriate. Orthobiologics are an adjunct to sound diagnosis and shared decision making—not a substitute for them.
PRP versus other biologic claims
PRP should not be confused with marketed “stem cell” injections, exosome products or other interventions that may be inadequately studied or lack FDA approval for orthopedic indications. Patients should be skeptical of claims to regrow cartilage or permanently restore a damaged joint.
Discuss the full range of options
A consultation can clarify whether symptoms arise from arthritis, tendon disease, a ligament injury or a structural defect. When indicated, review cartilage restoration, meniscus preservation, and sports medicine treatment options.
Reference: AAOS knee osteoarthritis practice guideline ↗.